March 2003

 Your 2003 DHIA District Meetings Notice


All members are welcome to attend the District Meeting. If you are a member, you are eligible to vote. Agenda items will include a review of the audit for 2002, election of delegates to the Annual Meeting scheduled for March 27, election of directors for 3-year terms in districts noted below, and new and old business.

Friday March 7 North East @ Embers in Milaca
Wednesday March 12 West Central @ Holiday Inn in Alexandria
Thursday March 13 Central @ Lab in Sauk Centre
* elections

All district meetings begin with registration at 11:15 with the meeting beginning at 11:30 Lunch is provided for members. The Barron Washburn meeting is also the local annual meetings, so please refer to that notice for details. Call 800-827-3442 for answers, or to make a reservation.*


 MMPA Annual Convention, March 10-11th, 2003
St. Cloud Civic Center


Dear Fellow Dairy Producers:

We are very pleased that Governor Pawlenty has agreed to join us in St. Cloud for our 26th Annual Convention and we sure hope you will be there too.  Think of it as a learning vacation - bring your spouse - have some fun and find out what Minnesota Milk is all about.  Working together, learning together and acting together MMPA will create a brighter future for all the hard-working people that depend on Minnesota's dairy industry for their way of life.

Sincerely,

Delbert Mandelko, President MMPA

Don't miss - Minnesota's Premier Dairy Event:
 *First Class Exhibits & Equipment Displays      * Cutting Edge Educational Opportunities
* Meet the Region's Top Dairy Producers * Hear from Respected Industry Leaders
* Be Part of the Solution!

Convention Highlights:
Luncheon Keynote Speaker: GOVERNOR TIM PAWLENTY  
Minnesota Milk's Dairy College      MMPA Business Meeting
Trade show: Monday and Tuesday Robotic Milker

Breakout sessions:
Profit from Improved Milk Quality       Pricing your Milk for 2003 and Beyond
Making Partnerships Work Making Multi-Generational Systems Work
Get the Most out of Your Feed Shed Standard Operating Procedures
Make Money Producing Top Forages Grazing Systems that Work

For more information MMPA web site: www.mnmilk.org or call 877.577.0741*


 Outstanding DHIA Service Award - Jo Pedersen


DHIA service is as good as the person who shows up on your farm each sample day. They represent the top 6% of the DHIA field staff.

Jo Pedersen, from Murdock, has been a Field Representative in West Central MN since March 1982 and is currently testing 35 herds with about 3,000 cows. Her commitment to providing good service shows in her average test interval of 33.4 days and in the short time it takes for dairymen to get their Representative after testing. Jo has always been a person that will help out when help is needed. When other Field Representative have quit or retired, she has been there to step in to relief test or take over herds as needed.

Jo is always ready to learn new things or provide new services for the dairymen she works with. She has had training for taking milk samples for mastitis culturing and last fall attended a Milk Quality meeting put on by the University of MN in Alexandria.  Last spring Jo arranged a software users meeting in her own home and even provided a pizza lunch for the dairymen who attended!

On behalf of Minnesota DHIA and the dairymen you have served so well over the past 21 years, THANK YOU Jo, and Congratulations for an award well deserved!*


Don't Waste Your Protein
Sandra Godden, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota
Jim Linn, Department of Animal Science, University of Minnesota


Feeding excess protein to dairy cows is expensive and wasteful. Protein or nitrogen fed in excess of requirements for body maintenance, milk production, growth, and reproduction must be excreted. Excretion of excess nitrogen from the body means loss of income and is of environmental concern. Milk urea nitrogen (MUN) is an inexpensive and easily conducted test to help assess protein feeding to dairy cows.

WHERE MUN COMES FROM
The crude protein (CP) you feed your cows has three fates:
- It can be broken down by the microorganisms in the rumen to ammonia.
- It can bypass the rumen and be broken down into amino acids and absorbed from the small intestine.
- It can bypass the cow entirely and be excreted in the manure.

Some of the ammonia released in the rumen from CP breakdown can be recaptured by the microorganisms to form bacterial CP. Bacterial CP then leaves the rumen and is digested in the small intestine, the same as the true proteins in feedsthat bypass the rumen.

Ammonia not recaptured by the microorganisms is absorbed into the blood, where it is transported to the liver for conversion into urea. Amino acids and other small protein fractions absorbed from the small intestine in excess of requirements are also converted to urea in the liver. Urea is a nontoxic compound for handling excess nitrogen in the body until it can be filtered through the kidney and excreted in the urine.

Urea in the blood, referred to as blood urea nitrogen (BUN), also has three potential fates:
- It can be recycled back to the rumen through saliva and directly through the rumen wall. Because urea is a relatively small molecule and has a high affinity for water, it rapidly flows back into the rumen, where it can be converted into microbial protein.
- It can be removed by the kidney and excreted in the urine. The amount of nitrogen or urea in the urine is directly proportional to the concentration of BUN.
- Because urea has a high affinity for water, as BUN passes through the mammary gland, it readily diffuses into milk to achieve an equal concentration of urea between blood and milk. Milk urea nitrogen (MUN) levels are similar to BUN levels, but usually lag behind peak BUN values by about two hours.

MEASURING MUN
Urea can be measured in either blood or milk. However, it's cheaper and easier to collect milk samples than blood samples. Milk samples may be submitted as bulk tank or individual cow samples. The difference is that a bulk tank sample doesn't allow for evaluation of groups fed different rations. Given the relatively low cost of analysis, we recommend that MUN be analyzed for individual cows. MUN may be measured in milk samples routinely collected on DHI test day. Test costs in Minnesota range from 11.5 to 16 cents per cow, depending on which lab you use and the test method used.

INTERPRETING MUN RESULTS
Because MUN levels are affected by a large number of cow-related factors, including age, stage of lactation, health status, water consumption, and dry matter intake, cows fed the same ration often have very different MUN values. For this reason, we recommend you use MUN results from a minimum of 10 cows for diagnosing potential feeding problems. Don't try to draw conclusions from one or just a few cows' MUN values.

There is diurnal (day-to-night) variation in MUN, with p.m. tests often averaging 1 to 2 mg/100 ml higher than a.m. tests. This factor may create considerable test-to-test variation, making it difficult to know when important changes in feeding management have occurred. Test routinely to establish a baseline so you know what is normal variation for the herd.

Herd or group average MUN levels for Holstein, Ayrshire, and Guernsey herds are commonly in the range of 10 to 18 mg/100 ml. Jersey and Brown Swiss breeds tend to run about 2 mg/100 ml higher. New York and Pennsylvania data suggest a herd average target range of 10 to 16 mg/100 ml. While these averages may be used as a reference for interpreting MUN values, it should be understood that the MUN value for optimum milk production and health of an animal has not been defined. Dairy producers and their nutrition advisors should establish a baseline for their herd and monitor changes in MUN to determine if feeding changes have occurred or problems exist.

WAYS TO USE MUN
Use MUN to assess the amount of protein in the diet. A high MUN value may mean you're feeding more protein than the cows require for their production level.

If the amount of protein fed is correct, a high MUN value could mean you're feeding excess rumen degradable protein--urea, soybean meal, alfalfa haylage,or other readily degradable sources of protein. Replace some of the highly degradable rumen protein feeds with a slower or less degradable protein source.

A third option is to evaluate the amount of rumen degradable carbohydrate sources in relation to degradable protein sources. If the rumen bacteria do not have a readily available source of carbohydrate when ammonia is being produced from the breakdown of feed proteins, the bacteria will not be efficient at capturing ammonia and converting it into bacterial protein.

SUMMARY
Single MUN tests are relatively useless in solving feeding problems. Establish a MUN baseline over four to six months and evaluate changes in relation to the baseline values. If conducted routinely, and if a good baseline level for MUN has been established in the herd, MUN tests may be a management tool to improve protein utilization efficiency in dairy cows, decreasing feed costs and nitrogen excretion.*


 Somatic Cell Counts less than 100,000!


Congratulations to the following 46 members - your February Somatic Cell Counts were under 100,000. We also had another 102 herds with 150,000 or less.  Thank you for your quality to the dairy industry!
ROLLING GREEN HOLSTEINS   --31,000--  OAKLAND   |   MERTON + TRUDY NELSON 2  --80,000--  ELLENDALE
ROBERT SLATER --37,000-- MAHTOWA   |   MARK KLEHR --81,000-- BELLE PLAINE
DAVID BUCK --52,000-- DENNISON   |   JOE AND ED WILLENBRING --81,000-- RICHMOND
HILLVIEW-SHORTHORN --58,000-- FERGUS FALLS   |   URBAN BROS --82,000-- NEW LONDON
SELKE FARMS --62,000-- DAKOTA   |   CURVECREST FARMS II --85,000-- GLENCOE
JOHN KLEHR --63,000-- WINTHROP   |   GARY + LIZ LEHNERTZ --85,000-- PLAINVIEW
STEVE AND SANDY SIEGLE --64,000-- COLOGNE   |   BRUCE HANSON --87,000-- RICE LAKE, WI
DELBERT KRUEGER --65,000-- ALEXANDRIA   |    JEFF BLENKER --88,000-- ALBANY
CHUCK LEUTHOLD --68,000-- ELLSWORTH   |   STEVE MARTIN --89,000-- FINLAYSON
MICHAEL AND KRIS BANSE --69,000-- EITZEN   |   LESTER SCHULZ & SONS --90,000-- GLENCOE
LEROY DROPPS --69,000-- MILACA   |   BOB & TERRI KETCHUM --91,000-- UTICA
CHARLES-DOUG ARVIDSON --70,000-- VERGAS   |   SCHUMANN FARM --92,000-- EYOTA
RICHARD WOLD --72,000-- BOYD   |   JOHN WUOLLET --93,000-- NEW YORK MILLS
AL + MARK SCHMITT --74,000-- RICE   |   MIKE & PAT BERNECKER --93,000-- PRAIRE FARM,WI
KOWALSKI DAIRY --75,000-- PELICAN RAPIDS   |   D & J DAIRY  --94,000-- PAYNESVILLE
GATEWOOD FARM --75,000-- WILLMAR   |   GARY SMITH  --94,000-- HERMAN
MIKE HAGLUND --77,000-- KERKHOVEN   |   WAYNE AND WADE ATHEY --95,000-- GRACEVILLE
KEVIN ANDERSON --77,000-- BATTLE LAKE   |   GREEN MEADOW JERSEY --96,000-- NORWOOD
DOUG + BRENDA STANGL --77,000-- PIERZ   |   DENNIS GRANSEE --96,000-- SANBORN
LOWELL BAKKEDAHL --78,000-- SARGEANT   |   NOVACEK DAIRY --96,000-- GREENBUSH
LARRY BRAEM --78,000-- SACRED HEART   |   CURVECREST FARMS --96,000-- GLENCOE
GILMAN HALBAKKEN --79,000-- ST CHARLES   |   MARK NEWTON --98,000-- ROTHSAY
BEVENDALE FARMS 2 --80,000-- GREENISLE   |   EUGENE ARNDT  --99,000-- CLINTON